What are the two types of sexual harassment identified in military standards?

The identification of sexual harassment in military standards is primarily categorized into two distinctive types: quid pro quo and hostile environment. Quid pro quo refers to situations where submission to harassment is directly linked to employment decisions or benefits, meaning that individuals are required to provide sexual favors in exchange for promotions, job stability, or other benefits. This creates a clear power imbalance and places undue pressure on the victim.

On the other hand, a hostile environment encompasses a broader spectrum where the workplace is permeated with severe or pervasive conduct that creates an intimidating, hostile, or abusive environment for the victim. This might include unwelcome sexual advances, derogatory comments, or offensive material, which collectively contribute to an environment detrimental to the victim's ability to work effectively.

Recognizing these two types helps establish a framework within which military personnel can understand their rights and the nature of harassment, thereby aiding in prevention, reporting, and addressing these serious issues.